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THOMAS MITCHELL: On bravery and heroism, then and now

One of the purposes of education is to convey a society's mores, customs, morality, body of knowledge and traditions from one generation to the next.

Public education alone is not going to get the job done. It takes knowledge of current events and their underlying causalities so we can understand how to repeat what is good and avoid what is unpleasant -- or even pure evil. That takes sophisticated communication, such as that provided by newspapers -- in print and online.


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  • Have the country's standards slipped?

    I began thinking about this after reading a column by Thomas Sowell, who appears regularly in the Review-Journal. He studied what happened to France between the World Wars. How the nation changed.

    "In France, after the First World War, the teachers' unions launched a systematic purge of textbooks, in order to promote internationalism and pacifism," Sowell wrote.

    "Books that depicted the courage and self-sacrifice of soldiers who had defended France against the German invaders were called 'bellicose' books to be banished from the schools.

    "The once epic story of the French soldiers' heroic defense against the German invaders at Verdun, despite the massive casualties suffered by the French, was now transformed into a story of horrible suffering by all soldiers at Verdun -- French and German alike."

    It was victimization for all sides. No heroes. No winners. Just suffering. The horrors of war and none of the gallantry.

    The French surrendered to the Germans in World War II in just six weeks.

    Sowell's column struck a chord of familiarity, so I looked up the Medal of Honor citations from the war in Iraq.

    "Aware of the imminent danger and without hesitation, Corporal Dunham covered the grenade with his helmet and body, bearing the brunt of the explosion and shielding his Marines from the blast," read one citation.

    Another read, "In a selfless act of bravery, in which he was mortally wounded, Private McGinnis covered the live grenade, pinning it between his body and the vehicle and absorbing most of the explosion."

    Still another, "Although only he could have escaped the blast, Petty Officer Monsoor chose instead to protect his teammates. Instantly and without regard for his own safety, he threw himself onto the grenade ..."

    Gallant sacrifices all.

    But contrast these with some Medal of Honor citations typical from World War II.

    "Finally, when the third German machinegun opened up on him at a range of 20 yards, S/Sgt. Adams killed the gunner with BAR fire," said the first one I read. "In the course of the action, he personally killed 9 Germans, eliminated 3 enemy machineguns, vanquished a specialized force which was armed with automatic weapons and grenade launchers, cleared the woods of hostile elements, and reopened the severed supply lines to the assault companies of his battalion."

    Selected at random further down the alphabet was this one that said "the squadron under his zealous and inspiring leadership shot down a total of 27 Japanese planes. His superb airmanship, his outstanding skill and personal valor reflect great credit upon Maj. Galer's gallant fighting spirit ..."

    Then I searched to see if anyone named Mitchell was so honored and found a citation for Mitchell Paige.

    "When the enemy broke through the line directly in front of his position, P/Sgt. Paige, commanding a machinegun section with fearless determination, continued to direct the fire of his gunners until all his men were either killed or wounded," his citation read. "Alone, against the deadly hail of Japanese shells, he fought with his gun and when it was destroyed, took over another, moving from gun to gun, never ceasing his withering fire against the advancing hordes until reinforcements finally arrived. Then, forming a new line, he dauntlessly and aggressively led a bayonet charge, driving the enemy back and preventing a breakthrough in our lines."

    Do you see a pattern? Back when my father -- who joined the Army at the age of 16 and was in Pearl City 67 years ago today -- was island-hopping with his artillery unit across the Pacific, some medals went to men who selflessly died for their country, but more often to those who made the enemy die for theirs.

    Sacrifice was important, but winning was paramount.

    This is no denigration of our brave soldiers in Iraq, but an observation about what the people awarding medals are thinking now vs. then.

    P.S.: If the name Mitchell Paige sounds familiar it might be because columnist Vin Suprynowicz writes about him occasionally. He was the Marine platoon sergeant whose countenance was appropriated by Hasbro for its toy soldier G.I. Joe.

    Thomas Mitchell is editor of the Review-Journal and writes about the role of the press. He may be contacted at 383-0261 or via e-mail at tmitchell@ reviewjournal.com.

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    Pete wrote on December 07, 2008 11:27 PM: Mr. Mitchell: Your point is well-taken, even if some misunderstand your argument. Of course one who sacrifices his life for his buddies by jumping on a grenade or defending against overwhelming odds is a hero, no one is denying that.

    However, Mr. Mitchell is absolutely right that political correctness has so corrupted our culture that it is
    now seen as bad form to praise the fighting achievements of those who "kill the enemy and break things" for a living, as if wars could be won by simply politely asking our foes to lay down their arms and go home.
    Heaven forbid you should be unapologetic about the need for ending the lives of those who would kill you or express gusto for doing it to them first. Do't believe me? Read USMC veteran Nathan Fick's book "One Bullet Away" for proof; he discusses this phenomenon openly and without bias.


    Pete wrote on December 07, 2008 11:12 PM: Another change that bears repeating is the frequent overuse of the word "hero," compared to years past, especially the WWII generation. I honor and respect all who have served the nation in uniform, but the idea that one is judged a hero simply for showing up is absurd and a stain on the memory of those who really were heroic.

    The example set by the WWII generation and others of that time was that one wanted to do his duty, and that one did not seek recognition as a hero.

    One former member of the military (a former Colonel of the USMC in fact), who has a show on cable TV, often refers to all members of the military as "our heroes." Well, no - not all people in the military are heroes. One could be excused for thinking that, given the preposterous number of ribbons everyone seems to be wearing these days. The most battle-hardened paratroopers in the WWII US Army 101st AB Division - of "Band of Brothers" fame - had nowhere near the number of medals most modern service people do, and if anyone deserves medals, it was guys like them.

    The point here is not to diminish the service of people now in the military, merely to note that the definition of heroism has been cheapened over time. Citations should be for valor, not for managing a Pentagon acquisition project or doing powerpoint briefings well.

    Lastly, decorations should not more generously-awarded for officers than enlisted people. General Douglas MacArthur was famous (notorious) for awarding medals on that basis; it was wrong then and it is wrong now.

    Just my $0.2 worth...


    Barbara Harris wrote on December 07, 2008 05:51 PM: Dear Mr. Mitchell:

    What a wonderful observation you make in this column. Remember Sgt. York, and Audie Murphy? They came home. That's what we want for all of them. We had ROI that paralized our warriors. Gen. Petraeus got rid of most of that and we were able to win, but the stories of those who did that "winning" are not being told unless you read Michael Yon, Bill Roggio and others like them. All honor and glory and gratitude to them, medals or not medal.

    Thanks for this important observation'

    Barbara Harris


    Kevlaur wrote on December 07, 2008 03:20 PM: What a few of the posters here have forgotten:
    Any medal I am honored to receive is for my actions - regardless of who the president is.

    I was not particularly pleased to have Clinton as my commander in chief. I did, however, receive medals (none for bravery). I was honored that my supervisors thought my work went above and beyond enough to recommend to my commanders the approval of those awards.

    Bottom line? Our duty does not depend on who the commander in chief is or - frankly - what civilians think of us as long as our peers consider our service honorable.


    Steve Stone wrote on December 07, 2008 03:02 PM: Anyone who accepts Thomas Sowell's pronouncements on US historical events needs serious soul-searching.

    The military hands out medals like confetti when the battle's going poorly but stingily when winning.

    Sometimes medals an be part of a cover-up as in the massacre at Wounded Knee when the Army awarded six Medals of Honor to soldiers who had slaughered 193 old men, women, and chidren with hardly a shot fired in return.

    This article is simply a masterpiece of superficiality.


    Edward wrote on December 07, 2008 12:54 PM: A medal seems a small reward for a life lost to a pointless war. We should be bringing them home.


    Marcus wrote on December 07, 2008 12:28 PM: Under all the hang wringing about medals and sacrifices, this editorial is just another revisionist whitewashing that tries to make the neocon/corporate Iraq disaster equivalent to WWII. Not buying. The only thing that will honor soldiers appropriately for the last 7 years will be Bush/Cheney/Rumsfield in an American prison for life, or shackled in front of the World Court. No tainted medal touched by one of those disgraceful half-men are going to pay off anyone for the pointless video-game slaughter of the Bush years.


    george wrote on December 07, 2008 11:33 AM: Having served a year as a medic in Vietnam, 9mos. in an infantry platoon and three in a batt. aid station may I say that all of the men I considered heroes ie: ALWAYS willing to walk point or go in tunnels were killers and damn good ones.

    I was decorated once for aiding several men under fire and one of these guys told me I deserved it. Takes both kinds.


    Thomas Mitchell wrote on December 07, 2008 10:09 AM: Sheepdog:
    I was not implying that and said as much.

    Paul:
    Yes.


    ppurcell wrote on December 07, 2008 08:48 AM: Thanks, Thomas for this wonderful editorial. When I see a service person in uniform. I thank them, or buy their meal (if I'm at a restaurant). Our service personnel are voluntary. They give their lives for us.
    Thank you!


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